Python Environments (Slides)

# Python Environments for Machine Learning

<div style="margin-top: 1.8em; text-align: center; opacity: 0.9;">
The annual summer AI Research Experience (AIRE) 2026.
</div>

<div style="margin-top: 1.4em; display: flex; justify-content: center; gap: 1.2rem; flex-wrap: wrap;">
  <div style="display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.55rem; padding: 0.6rem 0.85rem; border-radius: 999px; background: rgba(2,132,199,0.10); border: 1px solid rgba(2,132,199,0.22);">
    <img src="/assets/slides/2026-05-21-python-env/pip-icon.svg" alt="" aria-hidden="true" style="height: 24px; width: 24px; object-fit: contain;" />
    <div style="font-weight: 650; color: rgba(2,132,199,0.95);">pip</div>
  </div>
  <div style="display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.55rem; padding: 0.6rem 0.85rem; border-radius: 999px; background: rgba(67,176,42,0.10); border: 1px solid rgba(67,176,42,0.26);">
    <img src="/assets/slides/2026-05-21-python-env/conda-icon.svg" alt="" aria-hidden="true" style="height: 24px; width: 24px; object-fit: contain;" />
    <div style="font-weight: 650; color: rgba(35,132,32,0.95);">Conda</div>
  </div>
   <div style="display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.55rem; padding: 0.6rem 0.85rem; border-radius: 999px; background: rgba(222,95,233,0.10); border: 1px solid rgba(222,95,233,0.24);">
    <img src="/assets/slides/2026-05-21-python-env/uv-icon.svg" alt="" aria-hidden="true" style="height: 24px; width: 24px; object-fit: contain;" />
    <div style="font-weight: 650; color: rgba(166,44,180,0.95);">uv</div>
  </div>
</div>

<div style="margin-top: 2.0em; opacity: 0.75; font-size: 0.85em; text-align: center;">
Mohsen Hariri - May 21, 2026
</div>

---

.reveal .slides { text-align: left; }
  .reveal h1, .reveal h2, .reveal h3 { text-align: left; letter-spacing: 0; }
  .reveal h1 {
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 2.05em;
    line-height: 1.08;
  }
  .reveal p, .reveal li { line-height: 1.36; }
  .reveal strong { font-weight: 700; }
  .reveal code { font-size: 0.86em; }

.reveal .env-subtitle {
    margin-top: 1.2rem;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 0.92em;
    color: var(--env-muted);
  }

.reveal .env-meta,
  .reveal .env-foot {
    margin-top: 1.8rem;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 0.76em;
    color: var(--env-muted);
  }

.reveal .env-foot { margin-top: 1.35rem; font-size: 0.62em; }

.reveal .env-logo-row {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 2rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
  }
  .reveal .env-logo-row img {
    height: 66px;
    width: auto;
    max-width: 210px;
    object-fit: contain;
  }

.reveal .env-chip-row {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
  }
  .reveal .env-chip {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    border-radius: 999px;
    padding: 0.34rem 0.68rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--env-border);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.72);
    font-size: 0.56em;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  }
  .reveal .env-chip.blue { color: var(--env-blue); border-color: rgba(2,132,199,0.28); background: rgba(2,132,199,0.09); }
  .reveal .env-chip.green { color: var(--env-green); border-color: rgba(5,150,105,0.28); background: rgba(5,150,105,0.09); }
  .reveal .env-chip.orange { color: var(--env-orange); border-color: rgba(194,65,12,0.28); background: rgba(249,115,22,0.09); }
  .reveal .env-chip.slate { color: var(--env-slate); background: rgba(15,23,42,0.06); }

.reveal .env-grid { display: grid; gap: 1rem; margin-top: 1rem; }
  .reveal .env-grid.two { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  .reveal .env-grid.three { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
  .reveal .env-grid.four { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr)); }

.reveal .env-card {
    border: 1px solid var(--env-border);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: var(--env-card);
    padding: 0.86rem 0.96rem;
    box-shadow: 0 10px 26px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.06);
  }
  .reveal .env-card h3 {
    margin: 0 0 0.42rem 0;
    font-size: 0.82em;
  }
  .reveal .env-card p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.68em;
  }
  .reveal .env-card ul {
    margin: 0.45rem 0 0 0;
    padding-left: 1.1rem;
    font-size: 0.68em;
  }
  .reveal .env-card li { margin: 0.18rem 0; }

.reveal .env-kicker {
    font-size: 0.5em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
  }

.reveal .env-callout {
    border-left: 5px solid var(--env-blue);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(2,132,199,0.07);
    padding: 0.82rem 0.95rem;
    margin-top: 1rem;
    font-size: 0.74em;
  }
  .reveal .env-callout.green { border-left-color: var(--env-green); background: rgba(5,150,105,0.08); }
  .reveal .env-callout.orange { border-left-color: var(--env-orange); background: rgba(249,115,22,0.08); }

.reveal .env-pre {
    margin: 0.58rem 0 0 0;
    padding: 0.72rem 0.82rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    background: rgba(15,23,42,0.06);
    font-size: 0.52em;
    line-height: 1.3;
    white-space: pre-wrap;
  }

.reveal .env-table {
    width: 100%;
    border-collapse: collapse;
    margin-top: 1rem;
    font-size: 0.62em;
  }
  .reveal .env-table th,
  .reveal .env-table td {
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    padding: 0.58rem 0.5rem;
    vertical-align: top;
  }
  .reveal .env-table th { color: var(--env-slate); font-weight: 700; }
  .reveal .env-table td { color: var(--env-muted); }

.reveal .env-cheat {
    --tool-rgb: 2, 132, 199;
    --tool-ink: rgb(2, 132, 199);
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 13.4rem minmax(0, 1fr);
    min-height: 27.8rem;
    margin-top: 0.62rem;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.14);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background:
      linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(15,23,42,0.04) 1px, transparent 1px),
      linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(15,23,42,0.035) 1px, transparent 1px),
      linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(var(--tool-rgb),0.08), rgba(255,255,255,0.78) 42%, rgba(15,23,42,0.035));
    background-size: 30px 30px, 30px 30px, auto;
    box-shadow: 0 16px 34px rgba(15,23,42,0.09);
  }

.reveal .env-cheat.conda {
    --tool-rgb: 67, 176, 42;
    --tool-ink: rgb(35, 132, 32);
  }

.reveal .env-cheat.uv {
    --tool-rgb: 166, 44, 180;
    --tool-ink: rgb(166, 44, 180);
  }

.reveal .env-cheat-rail {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.68rem;
    padding: 1.05rem;
    border-right: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(var(--tool-rgb),0.14), rgba(255,255,255,0.62));
  }

.reveal .env-cheat-logo {
    width: 3.45rem;
    height: 3.45rem;
    padding: 0.52rem;
    object-fit: contain;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(var(--tool-rgb),0.24);
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.82);
  }

.reveal .env-cheat-kicker {
    margin-top: 0.3rem;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.45em;
    font-weight: 800;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
  }

.reveal .env-cheat-rail h3 {
    margin: -0.15rem 0 0 0;
    color: var(--tool-ink);
    font-size: 1.42em;
    line-height: 0.96;
  }

.reveal .env-cheat-rail p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.58em;
    line-height: 1.32;
  }

.reveal .env-cheat-files {
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.44rem;
    margin-top: auto;
  }

.reveal .env-file-pair {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 0.12rem;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 0.38rem 0.46rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.10);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.70);
  }

.reveal .env-file-pair span {
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.42em;
    font-weight: 800;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
  }

.reveal .env-file-pair code {
    font-size: 0.40em;
    overflow-wrap: normal;
    white-space: nowrap;
  }

.reveal .env-cheat-main {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-rows: auto auto auto;
    align-content: start;
    gap: 0.54rem;
    padding: 0.82rem;
  }

.reveal .env-flow {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 0.52rem;
  }

.reveal .env-flow-card {
    position: relative;
    min-height: 6.6rem;
    padding: 0.58rem 0.56rem 0.55rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.11);
    border-top: 4px solid var(--tool-ink);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.80);
  }

.reveal .env-step {
    position: absolute;
    right: 0.5rem;
    top: 0.42rem;
    color: rgba(var(--tool-rgb),0.30);
    font-size: 0.58em;
    font-weight: 900;
  }

.reveal .env-flow-card strong {
    display: block;
    max-width: 82%;
    margin-bottom: 0.42rem;
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.54em;
    line-height: 1.14;
  }

.reveal .env-flow-card code,
  .reveal .env-terminal code,
  .reveal .env-rule code {
    white-space: pre-wrap;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
  }

.reveal .env-flow-card code {
    display: block;
    padding: 0.4rem 0.44rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.10);
    border-radius: 7px;
    background: rgba(15,23,42,0.055);
    font-size: 0.43em;
    line-height: 1.24;
  }

.reveal .env-command-bank {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.04fr) minmax(0, 0.96fr);
    gap: 0.6rem;
  }

.reveal .env-terminal {
    margin: 0;
    min-height: 10rem;
    padding: 0.68rem 0.76rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.18);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(15,23,42,0.92);
    color: rgb(226,232,240);
    font-size: 0.49em;
    line-height: 1.28;
  }

.reveal .env-terminal code {
    color: inherit;
    background: transparent;
  }

.reveal .env-dos {
    display: grid;
    align-content: start;
    gap: 0.48rem;
  }

.reveal .env-do {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 6.3rem minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 0.45rem;
    align-items: start;
    min-height: 2.9rem;
    padding: 0.48rem 0.54rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.10);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.76);
    font-size: 0.55em;
    line-height: 1.28;
  }

.reveal .env-do strong {
    color: var(--tool-ink);
    font-weight: 850;
  }

.reveal .env-cheat-footer {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 0.44rem;
  }

.reveal .env-rule {
    min-height: 2.85rem;
    padding: 0.42rem 0.54rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(var(--tool-rgb),0.20);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(var(--tool-rgb),0.075);
    font-size: 0.49em;
    line-height: 1.24;
  }

.reveal .env-rule strong {
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 0.22rem;
    color: var(--tool-ink);
    font-size: 0.9em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  }

.reveal .env-rule code {
    display: block;
    font-size: 0.88em;
    line-height: 1.22;
  }

.reveal .env-debug-board {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 12.6rem minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 0;
    margin-top: 0.7rem;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.14);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background:
      linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(194,65,12,0.035) 1px, transparent 1px),
      linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(15,23,42,0.035) 1px, transparent 1px),
      rgba(255,255,255,0.84);
    background-size: 30px 30px;
    box-shadow: 0 18px 36px rgba(15,23,42,0.08);
  }

.reveal .env-debug-rail {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.72rem;
    padding: 1rem;
    border-right: 1px solid rgba(194,65,12,0.18);
    background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(249,115,22,0.16), rgba(255,255,255,0.70));
  }

.reveal .env-debug-badge {
    width: 3.1rem;
    height: 3.1rem;
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    border: 1px solid rgba(194,65,12,0.26);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.86);
    color: var(--env-orange);
    font-size: 0.58em;
    font-weight: 900;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  }

.reveal .env-debug-rail h3 {
    margin: 0.15rem 0 0 0;
    color: var(--env-orange);
    font-size: 0.94em;
    line-height: 1.05;
  }

.reveal .env-debug-rail p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.56em;
    line-height: 1.34;
  }

.reveal .env-debug-chipset {
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.42rem;
    margin-top: auto;
  }

.reveal .env-debug-chip {
    padding: 0.42rem 0.5rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.10);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.74);
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.43em;
    font-weight: 800;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
  }

.reveal .env-debug-main {
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.7rem;
    padding: 0.86rem;
  }

.reveal .env-debug-steps {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 0.62rem;
  }

.reveal .env-debug-card {
    position: relative;
    min-height: 15.4rem;
    padding: 0.78rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    border-top: 4px solid var(--env-orange);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.82);
  }

.reveal .env-debug-num {
    position: absolute;
    right: 0.68rem;
    top: 0.48rem;
    color: rgba(194,65,12,0.28);
    font-size: 0.74em;
    font-weight: 900;
  }

.reveal .env-debug-card h3 {
    max-width: 80%;
    margin: 0 0 0.54rem 0;
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.68em;
    line-height: 1.12;
  }

.reveal .env-debug-terminal {
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.32rem;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0.68rem 0.74rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.18);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(15,23,42,0.93);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 24px rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
  }

.reveal .env-debug-terminal code {
    display: block;
    color: rgb(226,232,240);
    background: transparent;
    font-size: 0.43em;
    line-height: 1.24;
    white-space: normal;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
  }

.reveal .env-debug-terminal code::before {
    content: "$ ";
    color: rgb(251,146,60);
    font-weight: 800;
  }

.reveal .env-debug-card p {
    margin: 0.58rem 0 0 0;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.54em;
    line-height: 1.3;
  }

.reveal .env-debug-card strong {
    color: var(--env-orange);
    font-weight: 850;
  }

.reveal .env-debug-bottom {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.08fr) minmax(0, 0.92fr);
    gap: 0.62rem;
    align-items: stretch;
  }

.reveal .env-debug-callout {
    padding: 0.74rem 0.86rem;
    border-left: 5px solid var(--env-orange);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(249,115,22,0.09);
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.62em;
    line-height: 1.28;
  }

.reveal .env-debug-axis {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 0.42rem;
  }

.reveal .env-debug-axis span {
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    min-height: 2.7rem;
    padding: 0.32rem 0.4rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(194,65,12,0.16);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.78);
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.44em;
    font-weight: 800;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    text-align: center;
    text-transform: uppercase;
  }

.reveal .env-study-layout {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.1fr) minmax(0, 0.9fr);
    gap: 0.82rem;
    align-items: stretch;
    margin-top: 0.8rem;
  }

.reveal .env-scipe-panel,
  .reveal .env-ref-panel {
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.14);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.80);
    box-shadow: 0 14px 30px rgba(15,23,42,0.08);
  }

.reveal .env-scipe-panel {
    display: grid;
    align-content: start;
    gap: 0.58rem;
    padding: 0.68rem;
  }

.reveal .env-scipe-head {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 4.2rem minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 0.72rem;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 0.7rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(2,132,199,0.13), rgba(5,150,105,0.09));
    border: 1px solid rgba(2,132,199,0.18);
  }

.reveal .env-scipe-mark {
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    width: 4.2rem;
    height: 4.2rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgb(15, 23, 42);
    color: white;
    font-size: 0.58em;
    font-weight: 900;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  }

.reveal .env-scipe-head h3 {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.82em;
    line-height: 1.05;
  }

.reveal .env-scipe-head p {
    margin: 0.25rem 0 0 0;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.5em;
    line-height: 1.24;
  }

.reveal .env-scipe-links {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 0.5rem;
  }

.reveal .env-scipe-links a {
    display: grid;
    align-content: start;
    min-height: 6.2rem;
    padding: 0.58rem 0.62rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(2,132,199,0.20);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(2,132,199,0.07);
    color: rgb(3, 105, 161);
    text-decoration: none;
  }

.reveal .env-scipe-links strong {
    color: rgb(3, 105, 161);
    font-size: 0.58em;
    line-height: 1.18;
  }

.reveal .env-scipe-links span {
    margin-top: 0.26rem;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.42em;
    line-height: 1.22;
  }

.reveal .env-ref-panel {
    padding: 0.68rem;
  }

.reveal .env-ref-panel h3 {
    margin: 0 0 0.62rem 0;
    font-size: 0.82em;
  }

.reveal .env-ref-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0.52rem;
  }

.reveal .env-ref-card {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 2.7rem minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 0.6rem;
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 3.85rem;
    padding: 0.55rem 0.62rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.10);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.76);
  }

.reveal .env-ref-logo {
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    width: 2.42rem;
    height: 2.42rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    background: rgba(15,23,42,0.045);
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.36em;
    font-weight: 900;
    letter-spacing: 0.03em;
  }

.reveal .env-ref-logo img {
    max-width: 1.58rem;
    max-height: 1.58rem;
    object-fit: contain;
  }

.reveal .env-ref-card a {
    display: block;
    color: rgb(2, 132, 199);
    font-size: 0.58em;
    font-weight: 800;
    line-height: 1.18;
    text-decoration: none;
  }

.reveal .env-ref-card span {
    display: block;
    margin-top: 0.16rem;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.44em;
    line-height: 1.18;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
  }

.reveal .env-big {
    font-size: 1.18em;
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
  }
  .reveal .env-center { text-align: center; }
  .reveal .env-muted { color: var(--env-muted); }

.reveal .slides section {
    box-sizing: border-box;
  }

.reveal h2 {
    display: inline-block;
    padding-bottom: 0.18rem;
  }

.reveal h2 + .env-section-note {
    margin-top: 0.3rem;
  }

.reveal .env-section-note {
    max-width: 50rem;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.66em;
    line-height: 1.32;
  }

.reveal .env-cover-shell {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 22rem;
    gap: 2.1rem;
    align-items: center;
    margin-top: 0.65rem;
  }

.reveal .env-cover-copy {
    text-align: left;
  }

.reveal .env-eyebrow {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 0.36rem 0.66rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(2,132,199,0.22);
    border-radius: 999px;
    background: rgba(2,132,199,0.08);
    color: rgb(3,105,161);
    font-size: 0.48em;
    font-weight: 850;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
  }

.reveal .env-cover-subtitle {
    margin: 0.9rem 0 0 0;
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.86em;
    line-height: 1.28;
  }

.reveal .env-cover-meta {
    margin-top: 0.8rem;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.58em;
  }

.reveal .env-cover-pills {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.55rem;
    margin-top: 1.2rem;
  }

.reveal .env-tool-pill {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.42rem;
    padding: 0.42rem 0.64rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    border-radius: 999px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.76);
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.52em;
    font-weight: 850;
    letter-spacing: 0.03em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
  }

.reveal .env-tool-pill img {
    width: 1.05rem;
    height: 1.05rem;
    object-fit: contain;
  }

.reveal .env-tool-pill.pip { border-color: rgba(2,132,199,0.26); color: rgb(3,105,161); background: rgba(2,132,199,0.08); }
  .reveal .env-tool-pill.conda { border-color: rgba(67,176,42,0.30); color: rgb(35,132,32); background: rgba(67,176,42,0.10); }
  .reveal .env-tool-pill.uv { border-color: rgba(166,44,180,0.28); color: rgb(126,34,147); background: rgba(166,44,180,0.09); }

.reveal .env-cover-map {
    position: relative;
    min-height: 16.8rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.13);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background:
      linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(15,23,42,0.04) 1px, transparent 1px),
      linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(15,23,42,0.035) 1px, transparent 1px),
      rgba(255,255,255,0.72);
    background-size: 28px 28px, 28px 28px, auto;
    box-shadow: 0 18px 40px rgba(15,23,42,0.09);
  }

.reveal .env-map-core,
  .reveal .env-map-lock,
  .reveal .env-map-ring span {
    position: absolute;
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    text-align: center;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.84);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(15,23,42,0.07);
  }

.reveal .env-map-core {
    left: 50%;
    top: 50%;
    width: 7.2rem;
    height: 7.2rem;
    transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.68em;
    font-weight: 900;
    line-height: 1.06;
    border-color: rgba(2,132,199,0.30);
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(2,132,199,0.16), rgba(255,255,255,0.88));
  }

.reveal .env-map-core span {
    display: block;
    margin-top: 0.2rem;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.64em;
    font-weight: 700;
  }

.reveal .env-map-ring span {
    min-width: 5.4rem;
    min-height: 2.4rem;
    padding: 0.3rem 0.45rem;
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.46em;
    font-weight: 850;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
  }

.reveal .ring-one span:nth-child(1) { left: 1.05rem; top: 3.2rem; border-color: rgba(2,132,199,0.24); background: rgba(2,132,199,0.08); }
  .reveal .ring-one span:nth-child(2) { right: 1.05rem; top: 3.2rem; border-color: rgba(67,176,42,0.24); background: rgba(67,176,42,0.09); }
  .reveal .ring-one span:nth-child(3) { left: 50%; bottom: 1.15rem; transform: translateX(-50%); border-color: rgba(194,65,12,0.24); background: rgba(249,115,22,0.08); }
  .reveal .ring-two span:nth-child(1) { left: 1.1rem; bottom: 6.2rem; color: rgb(3,105,161); }
  .reveal .ring-two span:nth-child(2) { right: 1.1rem; bottom: 6.2rem; color: rgb(35,132,32); }
  .reveal .ring-two span:nth-child(3) { left: 50%; top: 1.0rem; transform: translateX(-50%); color: rgb(126,34,147); }

.reveal .env-map-lock {
    right: 1rem;
    bottom: 1rem;
    min-width: 6.9rem;
    min-height: 2.3rem;
    color: rgb(194,65,12);
    font-size: 0.48em;
    font-weight: 900;
    letter-spacing: 0.05em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    border-color: rgba(194,65,12,0.24);
    background: rgba(249,115,22,0.09);
  }

.reveal .env-logo-strip {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 1.3rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    margin-top: 0.9rem;
    padding-top: 0.65rem;
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.10);
  }

.reveal .env-logo-strip img {
    height: 3.1rem;
    width: auto;
    max-width: 10.5rem;
    object-fit: contain;
  }

.reveal .env-roadmap {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 0.72rem;
    margin-top: 1rem;
  }

.reveal .env-road-step {
    position: relative;
    min-height: 13.5rem;
    padding: 0.78rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.78);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 26px rgba(15,23,42,0.07);
  }

.reveal .env-road-step::before {
    content: attr(data-step);
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    width: 2.35rem;
    height: 2.35rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.62rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(15,23,42,0.92);
    color: white;
    font-size: 0.5em;
    font-weight: 900;
  }

.reveal .env-road-step.blue::before { background: rgb(2,132,199); }
  .reveal .env-road-step.green::before { background: rgb(5,150,105); }
  .reveal .env-road-step.orange::before { background: rgb(194,65,12); }
  .reveal .env-road-step.purple::before { background: rgb(126,34,147); }

.reveal .env-road-step h3 {
    margin: 0 0 0.42rem 0;
    font-size: 0.68em;
    line-height: 1.12;
  }

.reveal .env-road-step p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.54em;
    line-height: 1.32;
  }

.reveal .env-road-step code {
    font-size: 0.86em;
  }

.reveal .env-compare {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 0.85rem;
    margin-top: 0.92rem;
  }

.reveal .env-world {
    min-height: 25rem;
    padding: 0.86rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.78);
    box-shadow: 0 14px 30px rgba(15,23,42,0.07);
  }

.reveal .env-world.bad { border-top: 5px solid var(--env-orange); }
  .reveal .env-world.good { border-top: 5px solid var(--env-green); }

.reveal .env-world h3 {
    margin: 0 0 0.52rem 0;
    font-size: 0.76em;
  }

.reveal .env-world ul,
  .reveal .env-mystery-panel ul {
    margin: 0.52rem 0 0 0;
    padding-left: 1.1rem;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.62em;
  }

.reveal .env-world li,
  .reveal .env-mystery-panel li {
    margin: 0.2rem 0;
  }

.reveal .env-collision {
    position: relative;
    min-height: 11.7rem;
    margin: 0.56rem 0 0.7rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    background:
      linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(15,23,42,0.05) 1px, transparent 1px),
      linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(15,23,42,0.04) 1px, transparent 1px),
      rgba(15,23,42,0.035);
    background-size: 26px 26px;
  }

.reveal .env-collision span,
  .reveal .env-islands span {
    position: absolute;
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    min-width: 6.5rem;
    min-height: 2.4rem;
    padding: 0.26rem 0.42rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.88);
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.46em;
    font-weight: 850;
    line-height: 1.14;
    text-align: center;
  }

.reveal .env-collision span:nth-child(1) { left: 1rem; top: 1rem; border-color: rgba(2,132,199,0.25); }
  .reveal .env-collision span:nth-child(2) { right: 1rem; top: 1rem; border-color: rgba(194,65,12,0.25); }
  .reveal .env-collision span:nth-child(3) { left: 50%; top: 4.75rem; transform: translateX(-50%); min-width: 8rem; background: rgba(249,115,22,0.12); border-color: rgba(194,65,12,0.30); color: rgb(154,52,18); }
  .reveal .env-collision span:nth-child(4) { left: 50%; bottom: 1rem; transform: translateX(-50%); border-color: rgba(15,23,42,0.18); }

.reveal .env-islands {
    position: relative;
    min-height: 11.7rem;
    margin: 0.56rem 0 0.7rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    background:
      linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(5,150,105,0.055) 1px, transparent 1px),
      linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(5,150,105,0.045) 1px, transparent 1px),
      rgba(5,150,105,0.045);
    background-size: 26px 26px;
  }

.reveal .env-islands span:nth-child(1) { left: 1rem; top: 1rem; border-color: rgba(2,132,199,0.25); }
  .reveal .env-islands span:nth-child(2) { right: 1rem; top: 1rem; border-color: rgba(5,150,105,0.28); }
  .reveal .env-islands span:nth-child(3) { left: 1rem; bottom: 1rem; border-color: rgba(126,34,147,0.25); }
  .reveal .env-islands span:nth-child(4) { right: 1rem; bottom: 1rem; border-color: rgba(194,65,12,0.25); }

.reveal .env-small-list {
    margin: 0.48rem 0 0 0;
    padding-left: 1.08rem;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.58em;
  }

.reveal .env-small-list li {
    margin: 0.2rem 0;
  }

.reveal .env-formula {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 0.5rem;
    align-items: stretch;
    margin-top: 0.95rem;
  }

.reveal .env-formula span {
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    min-height: 3.8rem;
    padding: 0.38rem 0.48rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.78);
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.58em;
    font-weight: 850;
    text-align: center;
  }

.reveal .env-formula span:nth-child(1) { border-color: rgba(2,132,199,0.26); background: rgba(2,132,199,0.08); }
  .reveal .env-formula span:nth-child(2) { border-color: rgba(5,150,105,0.26); background: rgba(5,150,105,0.08); }
  .reveal .env-formula span:nth-child(3) { border-color: rgba(126,34,147,0.24); background: rgba(166,44,180,0.08); }
  .reveal .env-formula span:nth-child(4) { border-color: rgba(194,65,12,0.24); background: rgba(249,115,22,0.08); }

.reveal .env-stack-layout {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.88fr) minmax(0, 1.12fr);
    gap: 0.78rem;
    align-items: stretch;
    margin-top: 0.9rem;
  }

.reveal .env-stack {
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.48rem;
    padding: 0.75rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.13);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.78);
    box-shadow: 0 14px 30px rgba(15,23,42,0.07);
  }

.reveal .env-stack-layer {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 2.6rem minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 0.58rem;
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 4.2rem;
    padding: 0.56rem 0.66rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.11);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.82);
  }

.reveal .env-stack-num {
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    width: 2.35rem;
    height: 2.35rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(15,23,42,0.92);
    color: white;
    font-size: 0.48em;
    font-weight: 900;
  }

.reveal .env-stack-layer h3 {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.62em;
    line-height: 1.12;
  }

.reveal .env-stack-layer p {
    margin: 0.16rem 0 0 0;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.46em;
    line-height: 1.22;
  }

.reveal .env-lane-board {
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.62rem;
  }

.reveal .env-lane {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 7.4rem minmax(0, 1fr) 14rem;
    gap: 0.55rem;
    align-items: stretch;
    padding: 0.62rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.80);
  }

.reveal .env-lane strong {
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(15,23,42,0.06);
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.58em;
    line-height: 1.08;
    padding: 0.34rem;
    text-align: center;
  }

.reveal .env-lane > span,
  .reveal .env-lane > code {
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 3.15rem;
    padding: 0.44rem 0.5rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(15,23,42,0.045);
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.56em;
    line-height: 1.18;
  }

.reveal .env-lane > span {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.3rem;
  }

.reveal .env-lane > code {
    display: grid;
    place-items: center start;
    color: var(--env-slate);
    white-space: normal;
    overflow-wrap: normal;
    word-break: normal;
  }

.reveal .env-lane > span code,
  .reveal .env-lane > span em {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 1.48rem;
    padding: 0.18rem 0.34rem;
    border-radius: 6px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.78);
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.84em;
    font-style: normal;
    font-weight: 750;
    line-height: 1;
    white-space: nowrap;
  }

.reveal .env-workflow-board {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.08fr) minmax(18rem, 0.92fr);
    gap: 0.9rem;
    align-items: stretch;
    margin-top: 0.72rem;
  }

.reveal .env-step-board {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0.46rem;
    padding: 0.66rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background:
      linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(2,132,199,0.045) 1px, transparent 1px),
      linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(2,132,199,0.035) 1px, transparent 1px),
      rgba(255,255,255,0.78);
    background-size: 28px 28px, 28px 28px, auto;
    box-shadow: 0 14px 30px rgba(15,23,42,0.07);
  }

.reveal .env-work-step {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 6.7rem minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 0.58rem;
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 3.35rem;
    padding: 0.52rem 0.58rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    border-left: 5px solid rgb(2,132,199);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.86);
  }

.reveal .env-work-step:nth-child(2) { border-left-color: rgb(5,150,105); }
  .reveal .env-work-step:nth-child(3) { border-left-color: rgb(126,34,147); }
  .reveal .env-work-step:nth-child(4) { border-left-color: rgb(194,65,12); }

.reveal .env-work-step > span {
    display: block;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-weight: 750;
    line-height: 1.16;
  }

.reveal .env-work-step strong {
    display: block;
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.48em;
    line-height: 1.08;
  }

.reveal .env-work-step em {
    display: block;
    margin-top: 0.12rem;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.34em;
    font-style: normal;
    font-weight: 650;
    line-height: 1.16;
  }

.reveal .env-work-step code {
    display: block;
    padding: 0.46rem 0.52rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(15,23,42,0.92);
    color: rgb(226,232,240);
    font-size: 0.41em;
    line-height: 1.2;
    white-space: pre-wrap;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
  }

.reveal .env-work-panel {
    display: grid;
    align-content: start;
    gap: 0.56rem;
    padding: 0.78rem 0.84rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(2,132,199,0.18);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(2,132,199,0.10), rgba(255,255,255,0.78));
    box-shadow: 0 14px 30px rgba(15,23,42,0.06);
  }

.reveal .env-work-panel h3 {
    margin: 0;
    color: rgb(3,105,161);
    font-size: 0.72em;
  }

.reveal .env-work-panel p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.54em;
    line-height: 1.3;
  }

.reveal .env-use-list {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 0.38rem;
  }

.reveal .env-use-list span {
    display: grid;
    align-content: center;
    min-height: 2.4rem;
    padding: 0.34rem 0.42rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(2,132,199,0.16);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.78);
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.4em;
    font-weight: 800;
    line-height: 1.15;
    text-align: center;
  }

.reveal .env-file-flow {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0.36rem;
  }

.reveal .env-file-flow > span {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 6.2rem minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 0.48rem;
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 2.45rem;
    padding: 0.34rem 0.46rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(2,132,199,0.18);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.78);
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.42em;
    font-weight: 850;
    line-height: 1.16;
  }

.reveal .env-file-flow > span > span {
    min-width: 0;
  }

.reveal .env-file-flow b {
    color: rgb(3,105,161);
    font-size: 0.78em;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
  }

.reveal .env-file-flow code {
    font-size: 0.95em;
    white-space: nowrap;
  }

.reveal .env-handoff {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 4.2rem 1fr;
    gap: 0.6rem;
    align-items: center;
    margin-top: 0.95rem;
  }

.reveal .env-machine {
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.52rem;
    padding: 0.82rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.80);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 26px rgba(15,23,42,0.07);
  }

.reveal .env-machine h3 {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.72em;
  }

.reveal .env-machine pre {
    margin: 0;
  }

.reveal .env-handoff-arrow {
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    width: 4.2rem;
    height: 4.2rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(5,150,105,0.22);
    background: rgba(5,150,105,0.08);
    color: rgb(5,150,105);
    font-size: 1.25em;
    font-weight: 900;
  }

.reveal .env-native-board {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.86fr) minmax(0, 1.14fr);
    gap: 0.82rem;
    align-items: stretch;
    margin-top: 0.92rem;
  }

.reveal .env-native-board .env-grid {
    margin-top: 0;
  }

.reveal .env-native-stack {
    display: grid;
    align-content: stretch;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    padding: 0.76rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(5,150,105,0.18);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(5,150,105,0.10), rgba(255,255,255,0.80));
  }

.reveal .env-native-stack span {
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    min-height: 3.5rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.11);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.82);
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.56em;
    font-weight: 850;
    text-align: center;
  }

.reveal .env-native-stack span:nth-child(1) { border-color: rgba(2,132,199,0.25); }
  .reveal .env-native-stack span:nth-child(2) { border-color: rgba(5,150,105,0.28); }
  .reveal .env-native-stack span:nth-child(3) { border-color: rgba(194,65,12,0.24); }
  .reveal .env-native-stack span:nth-child(4) { border-color: rgba(126,34,147,0.24); }

.reveal .env-spec-board {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.9fr) minmax(0, 1.1fr);
    gap: 0.82rem;
    align-items: stretch;
    margin-top: 0.9rem;
  }

.reveal .env-spec-pipeline {
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.5rem;
  }

.reveal .env-spec-step {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 3.1rem minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 0.56rem;
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 4.45rem;
    padding: 0.58rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.80);
  }

.reveal .env-spec-step span {
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    width: 2.7rem;
    height: 2.7rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgb(5,150,105);
    color: white;
    font-size: 0.48em;
    font-weight: 900;
  }

.reveal .env-spec-step strong {
    display: block;
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.55em;
  }

.reveal .env-spec-step code,
  .reveal .env-spec-step small {
    display: block;
    margin-top: 0.14rem;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.42em;
    white-space: normal;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
  }

.reveal .env-uv-board {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.05fr) minmax(0, 0.95fr);
    gap: 0.82rem;
    align-items: stretch;
    margin-top: 0.9rem;
  }

.reveal .env-uv-cycle {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 0.52rem;
    padding: 0.76rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(126,34,147,0.18);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(166,44,180,0.10), rgba(255,255,255,0.82));
  }

.reveal .env-uv-cycle span {
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    min-height: 5.2rem;
    padding: 0.46rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(126,34,147,0.16);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.82);
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.52em;
    font-weight: 850;
    line-height: 1.18;
    text-align: center;
  }

.reveal .env-tool-matrix {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(5, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 0.5rem;
    margin-top: 0.86rem;
  }

.reveal .env-tool-card {
    min-height: 11.2rem;
    padding: 0.62rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    border-top: 4px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.34);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.80);
  }

.reveal .env-tool-card h3 {
    margin: 0 0 0.46rem 0;
    font-size: 0.62em;
  }

.reveal .env-tool-card p {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.47em;
    line-height: 1.26;
  }

.reveal .env-tool-card.blue { border-top-color: rgb(2,132,199); }
  .reveal .env-tool-card.green { border-top-color: rgb(5,150,105); }
  .reveal .env-tool-card.purple { border-top-color: rgb(126,34,147); }
  .reveal .env-tool-card.orange { border-top-color: rgb(194,65,12); }

.reveal .env-choice-map {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 13rem repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 0.5rem;
    align-items: stretch;
    margin-top: 0.9rem;
  }

.reveal .env-choice-prompt,
  .reveal .env-choice-option {
    min-height: 6.4rem;
    padding: 0.62rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.80);
  }

.reveal .env-choice-prompt {
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    background: rgba(15,23,42,0.92);
    color: white;
    font-size: 0.58em;
    font-weight: 900;
    line-height: 1.16;
    text-align: center;
  }

.reveal .env-choice-option strong {
    display: block;
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.56em;
    line-height: 1.14;
  }

.reveal .env-choice-option span {
    display: block;
    margin-top: 0.35rem;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.46em;
    line-height: 1.25;
  }

.reveal .env-choice-option code {
    font-size: 0.9em;
  }

.reveal .env-mystery {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 0.82rem;
    margin-top: 0.9rem;
  }

.reveal .env-mystery-panel {
    padding: 0.78rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.80);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 26px rgba(15,23,42,0.07);
  }

.reveal .env-mystery-panel.bad { border-top: 5px solid var(--env-orange); }
  .reveal .env-mystery-panel.good { border-top: 5px solid var(--env-green); }

.reveal .env-project-board {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.92fr) minmax(0, 1.08fr);
    gap: 0.82rem;
    margin-top: 0.9rem;
  }

.reveal .env-tree {
    margin: 0;
    min-height: 24rem;
    padding: 0.76rem 0.84rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.16);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(15,23,42,0.92);
    color: rgb(226,232,240);
    font-size: 0.48em;
    line-height: 1.34;
  }

.reveal .env-project-notes {
    display: grid;
    gap: 0.5rem;
  }

.reveal .env-project-note {
    padding: 0.66rem 0.72rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.80);
  }

.reveal .env-project-note strong {
    display: block;
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.58em;
  }

.reveal .env-project-note span {
    display: block;
    margin-top: 0.22rem;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.46em;
    line-height: 1.22;
  }

.reveal .env-project-note pre {
    margin-top: 0.46rem;
  }

.reveal .env-span-all {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
  }

.reveal .env-lab-board {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 0.62rem;
    margin-top: 0.9rem;
  }

.reveal .env-lab-card {
    min-height: 23.8rem;
    padding: 0.72rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.80);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 26px rgba(15,23,42,0.07);
  }

.reveal .env-lab-card h3 {
    margin: 0 0 0.5rem 0;
    font-size: 0.66em;
  }

.reveal .env-lab-card pre {
    margin: 0;
  }

.reveal .env-close {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 21rem;
    gap: 1.4rem;
    align-items: center;
    margin-top: 1.1rem;
  }

.reveal .env-close h3 {
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 1.15em;
    line-height: 1.06;
  }

.reveal .env-close p {
    margin: 0.72rem 0 0 0;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.7em;
    line-height: 1.3;
  }

.reveal .env-qr-panel {
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    padding: 0.82rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.13);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.82);
    box-shadow: 0 14px 30px rgba(15,23,42,0.08);
  }

.reveal .env-qr-panel img {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 18rem;
    height: auto;
  }

.reveal .env-atlas {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 0.62rem;
    min-height: 28.6rem;
    margin-top: 0.5rem;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.16);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background:
      linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(15,23,42,0.05) 1px, transparent 1px),
      linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(15,23,42,0.04) 1px, transparent 1px),
      linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(255,255,255,0.90), rgba(240,249,255,0.76) 45%, rgba(240,253,244,0.74));
    background-size: 28px 28px, 28px 28px, auto;
    box-shadow: 0 18px 38px rgba(15,23,42,0.10);
  }

.reveal .env-atlas-board {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-rows: auto repeat(4, minmax(4.85rem, 1fr));
    gap: 0.62rem;
    padding: 0.82rem;
  }

.reveal .env-atlas-top {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 0.7rem;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 0.66rem 0.82rem;
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.10);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.78);
  }

.reveal .env-atlas-top strong {
    display: block;
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.72em;
    line-height: 1.16;
  }

.reveal .env-atlas-top span {
    display: block;
    margin-top: 0.18rem;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.48em;
    line-height: 1.24;
  }

.reveal .env-pathway {
    --path-ink: var(--env-blue);
    --path-rgb: 2,132,199;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 9.4rem repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 0.54rem;
    align-items: stretch;
  }

.reveal .env-pathway.green {
    --path-ink: var(--env-green);
    --path-rgb: 5,150,105;
  }

.reveal .env-pathway.orange {
    --path-ink: var(--env-orange);
    --path-rgb: 194,65,12;
  }

.reveal .env-pathway.slate {
    --path-ink: var(--env-slate);
    --path-rgb: 15,23,42;
  }

.reveal .env-path-label,
  .reveal .env-atlas-link {
    border: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.11);
    border-radius: 8px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.82);
  }

.reveal .env-path-label {
    display: grid;
    align-content: center;
    padding: 0.58rem 0.62rem;
    border-left: 5px solid var(--path-ink);
  }

.reveal .env-path-label span {
    color: rgba(var(--path-rgb),0.64);
    font-size: 0.52em;
    font-weight: 900;
    line-height: 1;
  }

.reveal .env-path-label strong {
    margin-top: 0.22rem;
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.66em;
    line-height: 1.1;
  }

.reveal .env-path-label em {
    margin-top: 0.2rem;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.42em;
    font-style: normal;
    line-height: 1.2;
  }

.reveal .env-atlas-link {
    display: grid;
    align-content: start;
    min-height: 4.95rem;
    padding: 0.62rem 0.66rem;
    color: inherit;
    text-decoration: none;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(15,23,42,0.05);
  }

.reveal .env-atlas-link::before {
    content: "";
    display: block;
    width: 2.35rem;
    height: 0.26rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
    border-radius: 999px;
    background: var(--path-ink);
  }

.reveal .env-atlas-link strong {
    color: var(--env-slate);
    font-size: 0.54em;
    line-height: 1.16;
  }

.reveal .env-atlas-link span {
    display: block;
    margin-top: 0.2rem;
    color: var(--env-muted);
    font-size: 0.4em;
    line-height: 1.22;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
  }

.reveal .slides section .env-tool-pill img,
  .reveal .slides section .env-logo-strip img,
  .reveal .slides section .env-cheat-logo,
  .reveal .slides section .env-ref-logo img,
  .reveal .slides section .env-qr-panel img {
    margin: 0;
    box-shadow: none;
    object-fit: contain;
  }

.reveal .slides section .env-tool-pill img {
    width: 1.05rem;
    height: 1.05rem;
    border-radius: 0;
    background: transparent;
  }

.reveal .slides section .env-logo-strip img {
    width: auto;
    height: 2.55rem;
    max-width: 9.5rem;
    padding: 0.16rem 0.22rem;
    border-radius: 6px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.68);
  }

.reveal .slides section .env-cheat-logo {
    width: 3.45rem;
    height: 3.45rem;
  }

.reveal .slides section .env-ref-logo img {
    width: auto;
    height: auto;
    max-width: 1.58rem;
    max-height: 1.58rem;
    border-radius: 0;
  }

.reveal .slides section .env-qr-panel img {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 18rem;
    height: auto;
  }

@media (max-width: 1100px) {
    .reveal .env-grid.two,
    .reveal .env-grid.three,
    .reveal .env-grid.four,
    .reveal .env-flow,
    .reveal .env-command-bank,
    .reveal .env-cheat-footer,
    .reveal .env-cheat,
    .reveal .env-debug-board,
    .reveal .env-debug-steps,
    .reveal .env-debug-bottom,
    .reveal .env-study-layout,
    .reveal .env-cover-shell,
    .reveal .env-roadmap,
    .reveal .env-compare,
    .reveal .env-formula,
    .reveal .env-stack-layout,
    .reveal .env-workflow-board,
    .reveal .env-step-board,
    .reveal .env-handoff,
    .reveal .env-native-board,
    .reveal .env-spec-board,
    .reveal .env-uv-board,
    .reveal .env-tool-matrix,
    .reveal .env-choice-map,
    .reveal .env-mystery,
    .reveal .env-project-board,
    .reveal .env-lab-board,
    .reveal .env-close,
    .reveal .env-atlas,
    .reveal .env-atlas-top,
    .reveal .env-pathway,
    .reveal .env-ref-grid,
    .reveal .env-scipe-links {
      grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    .reveal .env-cover-map { min-height: 17rem; }
    .reveal .env-lane { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .reveal .env-handoff-arrow { width: 100%; }
    .reveal .env-cheat { min-height: auto; }
    .reveal .env-cheat-rail {
      border-right: 0;
      border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(15,23,42,0.12);
    }
    .reveal .env-cheat-files { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
    .reveal .env-debug-rail {
      border-right: 0;
      border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(194,65,12,0.18);
    }
    .reveal .env-logo-row img { height: 54px; }
  }
</style>

## Learning goals

<p class="env-section-note">The arc of the session: isolate a project, make the moving parts visible, write the state down, then choose a workflow that teammates can rebuild.</p>

<div class="env-roadmap">
  <div class="env-road-step blue" data-step="01">
    <h3>Stop dependency drift</h3>
    <p>Make today's notebook or script runnable tomorrow, on another machine, by another person.</p>
  </div>
  <div class="env-road-step green" data-step="02">
    <h3>Name the pieces</h3>
    <p>Interpreter, packages, command-line tools, project files, and lock/spec files.</p>
  </div>
  <div class="env-road-step orange" data-step="03">
    <h3>Use core workflows</h3>
    <p>Create, activate, install, record, reproduce, and debug environments.</p>
  </div>
  <div class="env-road-step purple" data-step="04">
    <h3>Pick the right tool</h3>
    <p>Use <code>pip</code>, <code>conda</code>/<code>micromamba</code>, <code>uv</code>, <code>pipx</code>, and containers for the right job.</p>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="env-callout green">
  Rule of thumb: one project gets one environment and one committed environment specification.
</div>

---

## Why environments exist

<div class="env-compare">
  <div class="env-world bad">
    <h3>Without an environment</h3>
    <div class="env-collision" aria-label="Two projects colliding in one global Python install">
      <span>Project A<br /><code>numpy 2.x</code></span>
      <span>Project B<br /><code>numpy 1.x</code></span>
      <span>global site-packages</span>
      <span>one mutable Python</span>
    </div>
    <ul>
      <li>Project A upgrades <code>numpy</code>; Project B breaks.</li>
      <li>A notebook uses your system Python by accident.</li>
      <li>A package works on your laptop but not on the cluster.</li>
      <li>"It worked yesterday" has no audit trail.</li>
    </ul>
  </div>
  <div class="env-world good">
    <h3>With an environment</h3>
    <div class="env-islands" aria-label="Separate environments per project">
      <span>Project A<br /><code>.venv/</code></span>
      <span>Project B<br /><code>conda env</code></span>
      <span>Notebook<br />kernel</span>
      <span>shared<br />spec file</span>
    </div>
    <ul>
      <li>Dependencies are isolated per project.</li>
      <li>The Python executable is predictable.</li>
      <li>Installed packages can be listed and recreated.</li>
      <li>Teammates can start from the same spec.</li>
    </ul>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="env-formula" aria-label="Environment formula">
  <span>Python</span>
  <span>packages</span>
  <span>commands</span>
  <span>paths</span>
</div>

---

## Abstraction layers of an environment

<div class="env-stack-layout">
  <div class="env-stack" aria-label="Four layers of a Python environment">
    <div class="env-stack-layer">
      <div class="env-stack-num">1</div>
      <div><h3>Python</h3><p>The interpreter, for example <code>3.12</code> or <code>3.13</code>.</p></div>
    </div>
    <div class="env-stack-layer">
      <div class="env-stack-num">2</div>
      <div><h3>Environment</h3><p>A directory containing its own Python executable and installed packages.</p></div>
    </div>
    <div class="env-stack-layer">
      <div class="env-stack-num">3</div>
      <div><h3>Package manager</h3><p>The tool that resolves, downloads, and installs dependencies.</p></div>
    </div>
    <div class="env-stack-layer">
      <div class="env-stack-num">4</div>
      <div><h3>Spec or lock</h3><p>The file that tells someone else how to rebuild the environment.</p></div>
    </div>
  </div>

<div class="env-lane-board">
    <div class="env-lane">
      <strong>pip / PyPI</strong>
      <span><code>numpy</code><code>requests</code><code>transformers</code></span>
      <code>requirements.txt<br />pyproject.toml</code>
    </div>
    <div class="env-lane">
      <strong>conda channels</strong>
      <span><code>python</code><code>scipy</code><em>native libraries</em><em>GPU stacks</em></span>
      <code>environment.yml<br />conda-lock.yml</code>
    </div>
    <div class="env-lane">
      <strong>uv projects</strong>
      <span><em>project deps</em><em>scripts</em><em>tools</em><em>Python versions</em></span>
      <code>pyproject.toml<br />uv.lock</code>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="env-callout">
  Intent files say what you asked for; lock or freeze files say what was actually resolved.
</div>

---

## Minimum workflow: venv + pip

<div class="env-workflow-board">
  <div class="env-step-board">
    <div class="env-work-step">
      <span><strong>01. Create</strong><em>project-local environment</em></span>
      <code>python -m venv .venv</code>
    </div>
    <div class="env-work-step">
      <span><strong>02. Activate</strong><em>point the shell at it</em></span>
      <code>source .venv/bin/activate</code>
    </div>
    <div class="env-work-step">
      <span><strong>03. Install</strong><em>upgrade pip, then packages</em></span>
      <code>python -m pip install -U pip
python -m pip install numpy pandas matplotlib</code>
    </div>
    <div class="env-work-step">
      <span><strong>04. Record</strong><em>write the resolved state</em></span>
      <code>python -m pip freeze > requirements.txt</code>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="env-work-panel">
    <h3>Use this for</h3>
    <div class="env-use-list">
      <span>small projects</span>
      <span>teaching examples</span>
      <span>pure Python dependencies</span>
      <span>packages with PyPI wheels</span>
    </div>
    <div class="env-file-flow">
      <span><b>commit</b><span>project code</span></span>
      <span><b>ignore</b><span><code>.venv/</code> local only</span></span>
      <span><b>commit</b><span><code>requirements.txt</code> environment spec</span></span>
    </div>
    <p>Simple reproducibility comes from separating the environment directory from the file that describes it.</p>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="env-callout">
  Prefer <code>python -m pip</code>: it installs into the environment used by that exact <code>python</code>.
</div>

---

## Recreate a pip environment

<div class="env-handoff">
  <div class="env-machine">
    <h3>Original machine</h3>
<pre class="env-pre"><code>python -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate
python -m pip install numpy pandas
python -m pip freeze > requirements.txt</code></pre>
    <ul class="env-small-list">
      <li>Commit the source code.</li>
      <li>Commit <code>requirements.txt</code>.</li>
      <li>Do not commit <code>.venv/</code>.</li>
    </ul>
  </div>
  <div class="env-handoff-arrow" aria-hidden="true">&rarr;</div>
  <div class="env-machine">
    <h3>Another machine</h3>
<pre class="env-pre"><code>git clone PROJECT
cd PROJECT
python -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate
python -m pip install -r requirements.txt
python train.py</code></pre>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="env-grid two">
  <div class="env-card">
    <h3>Check what you are using</h3>
<pre class="env-pre"><code>which python
python -m pip --version
python -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)"
python -c "import numpy; print(numpy.__version__)"</code></pre>
  </div>
  <div class="env-card">
    <h3>Expected evidence</h3>
    <ul>
      <li><code>which python</code> points inside <code>.venv/</code>.</li>
      <li><code>python -m pip --version</code> reports that same environment.</li>
      <li>The package import succeeds from the environment path.</li>
    </ul>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="env-callout orange">
  Do not install project libraries into the OS Python. If the system blocks you, create an environment instead of forcing the install.
</div>

---

## Conda and micromamba

<div class="env-native-board">
  <div class="env-native-stack" aria-label="Conda environment stack">
    <span>Python interpreter</span>
    <span>Python packages</span>
    <span>compiled libraries</span>
    <span>CUDA / platform stack</span>
  </div>
  <div class="env-grid two">
    <div class="env-card">
    <h3>What they solve</h3>
    <ul>
      <li>Python plus non-Python binary dependencies</li>
      <li>Scientific stacks with compiled libraries</li>
      <li>GPU/CUDA-sensitive projects</li>
      <li>Cross-language packages from channels</li>
    </ul>
    </div>
    <div class="env-card">
      <h3>Why micromamba?</h3>
      <ul>
        <li>Small standalone executable</li>
        <li>No default <code>base</code> Python environment</li>
        <li>Fast conda-compatible environment creation</li>
        <li>Useful on servers and CI</li>
      </ul>
    </div>
    <div class="env-card env-span-all">
<pre class="env-pre"><code>micromamba create -n ml -c conda-forge python=3.12 numpy scipy jupyterlab
micromamba activate ml
python -c "import scipy; print(scipy.__version__)"</code></pre>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

---

## Conda specs: environment.yml

<div class="env-spec-board">
  <div class="env-card">
    <h3>Human-readable spec</h3>
<pre class="env-pre"><code>name: ml
channels:
  - conda-forge
dependencies:
  - python=3.12
  - numpy
  - scipy
  - jupyterlab
  - pip
  - pip:
      - transformers</code></pre>
  </div>
  <div class="env-spec-pipeline">
    <div class="env-spec-step">
      <span>1</span>
      <div><strong>Write intent</strong><code>environment.yml</code><small>human-readable package choices and channels</small></div>
    </div>
    <div class="env-spec-step">
      <span>2</span>
      <div><strong>Create or recreate</strong><code>conda env create -f environment.yml<br />micromamba create -f environment.yml</code></div>
    </div>
    <div class="env-spec-step">
      <span>3</span>
      <div><strong>Lock when needed</strong><code>conda-lock.yml</code><small>stricter solves for teammates, CI, and deployment</small></div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="env-callout orange">
  If you must mix conda and pip, install conda packages first, then pip packages. Record both in <code>environment.yml</code>.
</div>

---

## uv: the modern fast path

<div class="env-uv-board">
  <div class="env-uv-cycle" aria-label="uv project cycle">
    <span><code>uv init</code><br />create project</span>
    <span><code>uv add</code><br />declare dependencies</span>
    <span><code>uv run</code><br />execute in environment</span>
    <span><code>uv sync --locked</code><br />reproduce the solve</span>
  </div>
  <div class="env-card">
    <h3>Project workflow</h3>
<pre class="env-pre"><code>uv init myproj
cd myproj
uv add numpy pandas scikit-learn
uv run python train.py
uv lock
uv sync --locked</code></pre>
    <ul>
      <li>Project setup with <code>pyproject.toml</code></li>
      <li>Project-local <code>.venv</code> management</li>
      <li>Locking with <code>uv.lock</code></li>
      <li>Running scripts and command-line tools</li>
    </ul>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="env-callout green">
  Good default for new Python-only projects. It is not a replacement for conda packages or system-level CUDA libraries.
</div>

---

## uv can also speak pip

<div class="env-grid two">
  <div class="env-card">
    <h3>Use with existing projects</h3>
<pre class="env-pre"><code>uv venv
source .venv/bin/activate
uv pip install -r requirements.txt
uv pip freeze > requirements.txt</code></pre>
  </div>
  <div class="env-card">
    <h3>Run tools without polluting projects</h3>
<pre class="env-pre"><code>uvx ruff check .
uvx pyright
uv tool install ruff
ruff check .</code></pre>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="env-callout">
  <code>uvx</code> is the short form for running a tool in an isolated environment.
</div>

---

## Other useful tools

<div class="env-tool-matrix">
  <div class="env-tool-card blue">
    <h3><code>pipx</code></h3>
    <p>Use for global Python command-line apps in isolated environments. Do not use for project dependencies.</p>
  </div>
  <div class="env-tool-card green">
    <h3><code>ipykernel</code></h3>
    <p>Use when a notebook must point at this exact environment. It is not the package manager.</p>
  </div>
  <div class="env-tool-card purple">
    <h3><code>pyenv</code> / <code>mise</code></h3>
    <p>Use to switch interpreter versions on one machine. It does not lock package dependencies.</p>
  </div>
  <div class="env-tool-card orange">
    <h3><code>conda-lock</code></h3>
    <p>Use for exact conda solves across platforms or CI. It is not a package installer by itself.</p>
  </div>
  <div class="env-tool-card">
    <h3>Docker / Apptainer</h3>
    <p>Use for OS-level reproducibility, deployment, or HPC portability. It is not the quickest local package manager.</p>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="env-callout green">
  The best tool is the one your team can recreate from clean checkout instructions.
</div>

---

## Which tool should I choose?

<div class="env-choice-map" aria-label="Tool choice map">
  <div class="env-choice-prompt">What kind of problem is this?</div>
  <div class="env-choice-option">
    <strong>Learning Python or existing requirements?</strong>
    <span>Start with <code>venv + pip</code>, or use <code>uv pip</code> when speed matters.</span>
  </div>
  <div class="env-choice-option">
    <strong>New Python-only project?</strong>
    <span>Use <code>uv</code> with <code>pyproject.toml</code>, <code>.venv/</code>, and <code>uv.lock</code>.</span>
  </div>
  <div class="env-choice-option">
    <strong>Scientific, compiled, or GPU stack?</strong>
    <span>Use <code>conda</code> or <code>micromamba</code>, usually with <code>conda-forge</code>.</span>
  </div>
  <div class="env-choice-prompt">How strict must reproduction be?</div>
  <div class="env-choice-option">
    <strong>Single machine</strong>
    <span>Record versions and commands. Keep setup instructions short enough to follow.</span>
  </div>
  <div class="env-choice-option">
    <strong>Team or CI</strong>
    <span>Commit <code>requirements.txt</code>, <code>uv.lock</code>, or <code>environment.yml</code>.</span>
  </div>
  <div class="env-choice-option">
    <strong>Deployment or cluster</strong>
    <span>Consider <code>conda-lock</code>, Docker, or Apptainer when OS details matter.</span>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="env-callout">
  Simple is good. Reproducible is better. Debuggable is non-negotiable.
</div>

---

## Do not create mystery environments

<div class="env-mystery">
  <div class="env-mystery-panel bad">
    <h3>Avoid</h3>
    <ul>
      <li>Installing everything globally</li>
      <li>Changing package versions without recording them</li>
      <li>Using <code>pip</code> from one Python and running another</li>
      <li>Mixing conda and pip without documenting the boundary</li>
      <li>Ignoring the first real install error</li>
    </ul>
  </div>
  <div class="env-mystery-panel good">
    <h3>Prefer</h3>
    <ul>
      <li>Commit <code>requirements.txt</code>, <code>pyproject.toml</code> + <code>uv.lock</code>, or <code>environment.yml</code></li>
      <li>Ignore <code>.venv/</code> and conda environment directories</li>
      <li>Use <code>python -m pip</code> when using pip</li>
      <li>Recreate the environment when dependency state gets confusing</li>
      <li>Paste the full error into the issue or lab notes</li>
    </ul>
  </div>
</div>

---

## A practical ML project layout

<div class="env-project-board">
<pre class="env-tree"><code>project/
  README.md
  src/
  notebooks/
  scripts/
  tests/
spec:
  requirements.txt
  or environment.yml
  or pyproject.toml + uv.lock
ignore:
  .venv/
  __pycache__/
  .ipynb_checkpoints/
  data/raw/
  outputs/
  *.egg-info/</code></pre>
  <div class="env-project-notes">
    <div class="env-project-note">
      <strong>Commit one route</strong>
      <span>Choose <code>requirements.txt</code>, <code>environment.yml</code>, or <code>pyproject.toml + uv.lock</code>; make it clear in the README.</span>
    </div>
    <div class="env-project-note">
      <strong>Files to ignore</strong>
      <span><code>.venv/</code>, caches, notebook checkpoints, raw data, outputs, and build artifacts should stay out of git.</span>
    </div>
    <div class="env-project-note">
      <strong>Notebook kernel</strong>
<pre class="env-pre"><code>python -m pip install ipykernel
python -m ipykernel install --user \
  --name PROJECT \
  --display-name "Python (PROJECT)"</code></pre>
      <span>Activate the environment first, then register the kernel.</span>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="env-callout green">
  Data and model artifacts need their own plan. Environment files reproduce software, not the contents of your hard drive.
</div>

---

## Debug checklist

<div class="env-debug-board">
  <aside class="env-debug-rail">
    <div class="env-debug-badge">DBG</div>
    <h3>Find the layer first</h3>
    <p>Do not reinstall randomly. Prove which interpreter, package copy, and environment spec are actually being used.</p>
    <div class="env-debug-chipset">
      <div class="env-debug-chip">Interpreter</div>
      <div class="env-debug-chip">Package path</div>
      <div class="env-debug-chip">Fresh solve</div>
    </div>
  </aside>
  <div class="env-debug-main">
    <div class="env-debug-steps">
      <div class="env-debug-card">
        <div class="env-debug-num">01</div>
        <h3>Confirm Python</h3>
        <div class="env-debug-terminal">
          <code>which python</code>
          <code>python --version</code>
          <code>python -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)"</code>
        </div>
        <p><strong>Expected:</strong> the path points at <code>.venv</code>, conda env, or uv project env.</p>
      </div>
      <div class="env-debug-card">
        <div class="env-debug-num">02</div>
        <h3>Confirm package source</h3>
        <div class="env-debug-terminal">
          <code>python -m pip show PACKAGE</code>
          <code>python -m pip check</code>
          <code>python -c "import PACKAGE; print(PACKAGE.__file__)"</code>
        </div>
        <p><strong>Expected:</strong> the imported package lives inside the active environment, not a global site-packages path.</p>
      </div>
      <div class="env-debug-card">
        <div class="env-debug-num">03</div>
        <h3>Recreate cleanly</h3>
        <div class="env-debug-terminal">
          <code>rm -rf .venv</code>
          <code>uv sync</code>
          <code>python -m pip install -r requirements.txt</code>
          <code>conda env create -f environment.yml</code>
        </div>
        <p><strong>Expected:</strong> a clean environment either builds successfully or fails with the real dependency error.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="env-debug-bottom">
      <div class="env-debug-callout">
        If a build fails, classify the first real error before changing packages.
      </div>
      <div class="env-debug-axis">
        <span>Python version</span>
        <span>Package version</span>
        <span>Compiled library</span>
        <span>Network / index</span>
        <span>Platform</span>
        <span>Env spec</span>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

---

## Mini lab

<div class="env-lab-board">
  <div class="env-lab-card">
    <h3>Task A: pip route</h3>
<pre class="env-pre"><code>mkdir env-lab && cd env-lab
python -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate
python -m pip install pandas
python -c "import pandas; print(pandas.__version__)"
python -m pip freeze > requirements.txt</code></pre>
  </div>
  <div class="env-lab-card">
    <h3>Task B: conda route</h3>
<pre class="env-pre"><code>conda create -n env-lab \
  -c conda-forge python=3.12 pandas
conda activate env-lab
python -c "import pandas; print(pandas.__version__)"
conda env export --from-history > environment.yml</code></pre>
  </div>
  <div class="env-lab-card">
    <h3>Task C: uv route</h3>
<pre class="env-pre"><code>uv init env-lab-uv
cd env-lab-uv
uv add pandas
uv run python -c "import pandas; print(pandas.__version__)"
uv sync --locked</code></pre>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="env-callout">
  Compare: Which files appeared? Which command proves the package is installed in the intended environment?
</div>

---

## Cheat sheet: pip

<div class="env-cheat pip">
  <aside class="env-cheat-rail">
    <img class="env-cheat-logo" src="/assets/slides/2026-05-21-python-env/pip-icon.svg" alt="" aria-hidden="true" />
    <div class="env-cheat-kicker">PyPI + venv</div>
    <h3>pip</h3>
    <p>The lightweight route for teaching, notebooks, and projects whose dependencies are available from PyPI.</p>
    <div class="env-cheat-files">
      <div class="env-file-pair"><span>Commit</span><code>requirements.txt</code></div>
      <div class="env-file-pair"><span>Ignore</span><code>.venv/</code></div>
    </div>
  </aside>
  <div class="env-cheat-main">
    <div class="env-flow">
      <div class="env-flow-card">
        <div class="env-step">01</div>
        <strong>Create and enter</strong>
        <code>python -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate</code>
      </div>
      <div class="env-flow-card">
        <div class="env-step">02</div>
        <strong>Install packages</strong>
        <code>python -m pip install -U pip
python -m pip install numpy pandas</code>
      </div>
      <div class="env-flow-card">
        <div class="env-step">03</div>
        <strong>Record exact state</strong>
        <code>python -m pip freeze > requirements.txt</code>
      </div>
      <div class="env-flow-card">
        <div class="env-step">04</div>
        <strong>Rebuild elsewhere</strong>
        <code>python -m pip install -r requirements.txt</code>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="env-command-bank">
<pre class="env-terminal"><code># first checks when something feels wrong
which python
python -m pip --version
python -m pip check
python -c "import sys; print(sys.executable)"</code></pre>
      <div class="env-dos">
        <div class="env-do"><strong>Rule</strong><span>Use <code>python -m pip</code> so the installer belongs to the Python you will run.</span></div>
        <div class="env-do"><strong>Editable</strong><span>For your own package, use <code>python -m pip install -e .</code>.</span></div>
        <div class="env-do"><strong>Reset</strong><span>If dependency state gets strange, delete <code>.venv/</code> and rebuild from the file.</span></div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="env-cheat-footer">
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Python</strong><code>python --version</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Pip version</strong><code>python -m pip --version</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>List</strong><code>python -m pip list</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Inspect</strong><code>python -m pip show PACKAGE</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Check deps</strong><code>python -m pip check</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Upgrade</strong><code>python -m pip install -U PACKAGE</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Uninstall</strong><code>python -m pip uninstall PACKAGE</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Editable</strong><code>python -m pip install -e .</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Extras</strong><code>python -m pip install ".[dev]"</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Freeze</strong><code>python -m pip freeze > requirements.txt</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Install file</strong><code>python -m pip install -r requirements.txt</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Clear cache</strong><code>python -m pip cache purge</code></div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

---

## Cheat sheet: conda

<div class="env-cheat conda">
  <aside class="env-cheat-rail">
    <img class="env-cheat-logo" src="/assets/slides/2026-05-21-python-env/conda-icon.svg" alt="" aria-hidden="true" />
    <div class="env-cheat-kicker">Channels + binaries</div>
    <h3>conda</h3>
    <p>The practical route when Python packages need compiled libraries, system libraries, CUDA stacks, or cluster-friendly specs.</p>
    <div class="env-cheat-files">
      <div class="env-file-pair"><span>Commit</span><code>environment.yml</code></div>
      <div class="env-file-pair"><span>Channel</span><code>conda-forge</code></div>
    </div>
  </aside>
  <div class="env-cheat-main">
    <div class="env-flow">
      <div class="env-flow-card">
        <div class="env-step">01</div>
        <strong>Create named env</strong>
        <code>conda create -n ml -c conda-forge python=3.12 numpy scipy</code>
      </div>
      <div class="env-flow-card">
        <div class="env-step">02</div>
        <strong>Activate it</strong>
        <code>conda activate ml</code>
      </div>
      <div class="env-flow-card">
        <div class="env-step">03</div>
        <strong>Add dependencies</strong>
        <code>conda install -n ml -c conda-forge jupyterlab</code>
      </div>
      <div class="env-flow-card">
        <div class="env-step">04</div>
        <strong>Recreate from spec</strong>
        <code>conda env create -f environment.yml</code>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="env-command-bank">
<pre class="env-terminal"><code>name: ml
channels:
  - conda-forge
dependencies:
  - python=3.12
  - numpy
  - scipy
  - pip
  - pip:
      - transformers</code></pre>
      <div class="env-dos">
        <div class="env-do"><strong>Channels</strong><span>Prefer one channel family per environment and write the channels into the spec.</span></div>
        <div class="env-do"><strong>Mixing</strong><span>Install conda packages first; reserve the <code>pip:</code> section for PyPI-only packages.</span></div>
        <div class="env-do"><strong>Servers</strong><span>The same <code>environment.yml</code> can be created with <code>micromamba create -f environment.yml</code>.</span></div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="env-cheat-footer">
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Envs</strong><code>conda info --envs</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Packages</strong><code>conda list -n ml</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Search</strong><code>conda search -c conda-forge PACKAGE</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Install</strong><code>conda install -n ml PACKAGE</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Update</strong><code>conda update -n ml PACKAGE</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Remove pkg</strong><code>conda remove -n ml PACKAGE</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Minimal export</strong><code>conda env export --from-history > environment.yml</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Exact export</strong><code>conda env export -n ml > environment-full.yml</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Delete env</strong><code>conda env remove -n ml</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Run in env</strong><code>conda run -n ml python train.py</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Clone env</strong><code>conda create -n ml-copy --clone ml</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Clean cache</strong><code>conda clean --all</code></div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

---

## Cheat sheet: uv

<div class="env-cheat uv">
  <aside class="env-cheat-rail">
    <img class="env-cheat-logo" src="/assets/slides/2026-05-21-python-env/uv-icon.svg" alt="" aria-hidden="true" />
    <div class="env-cheat-kicker">Project + lock</div>
    <h3>uv</h3>
    <p>The fast default for new Python projects: it manages the project environment, dependency resolution, and lockfile.</p>
    <div class="env-cheat-files">
      <div class="env-file-pair"><span>Commit</span><code>pyproject.toml</code></div>
      <div class="env-file-pair"><span>Lock</span><code>uv.lock</code></div>
      <div class="env-file-pair"><span>Ignore</span><code>.venv/</code></div>
    </div>
  </aside>
  <div class="env-cheat-main">
    <div class="env-flow">
      <div class="env-flow-card">
        <div class="env-step">01</div>
        <strong>Start project</strong>
        <code>uv init myproj
cd myproj</code>
      </div>
      <div class="env-flow-card">
        <div class="env-step">02</div>
        <strong>Add dependencies</strong>
        <code>uv add numpy pandas scikit-learn</code>
      </div>
      <div class="env-flow-card">
        <div class="env-step">03</div>
        <strong>Run in env</strong>
        <code>uv run python train.py</code>
      </div>
      <div class="env-flow-card">
        <div class="env-step">04</div>
        <strong>Reproduce exactly</strong>
        <code>uv sync --locked</code>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="env-command-bank">
<pre class="env-terminal"><code># project mental model
pyproject.toml  # dependency intent
uv.lock         # resolved versions
.venv/          # local environment
# existing requirements.txt project
uv venv
uv pip install -r requirements.txt</code></pre>
      <div class="env-dos">
        <div class="env-do"><strong>Run</strong><span>Use <code>uv run ...</code> so commands execute inside the project environment.</span></div>
        <div class="env-do"><strong>Lock</strong><span>Commit <code>uv.lock</code> when teammates, CI, or deployment need the same solve.</span></div>
        <div class="env-do"><strong>Boundary</strong><span>Use conda or containers when the problem is system libraries rather than Python packages.</span></div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="env-cheat-footer">
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Add package</strong><code>uv add PACKAGE</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Add dev</strong><code>uv add --dev pytest ruff</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Remove</strong><code>uv remove PACKAGE</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Run tests</strong><code>uv run pytest</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Sync lock</strong><code>uv sync --locked</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Update lock</strong><code>uv lock</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Pin Python</strong><code>uv python pin 3.12</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>One-off tool</strong><code>uvx ruff check .</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Install tool</strong><code>uv tool install pyright</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Dependency tree</strong><code>uv tree</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Install Python</strong><code>uv python install 3.12</code></div>
      <div class="env-rule"><strong>Export reqs</strong><code>uv export --format requirements.txt > requirements.txt</code></div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

---

## Resources

<div class="env-study-layout">
  <div class="env-scipe-panel">
    <div class="env-scipe-head">
      <div class="env-scipe-mark">SCIPE</div>
      <div>
        <h3>SCIPE LLM workshop</h3>
        <p>Use these materials for the hands-on LLM examples and follow-up practice.</p>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="env-scipe-links">
      <a href="https://oh-scipe.github.io/llm-workshop26/"><strong>Workshop site</strong><span>Schedule, logistics, recordings, and updates</span></a>
      <a href="https://github.com/oh-scipe/llm-workshop26/tree/main/tutorials"><strong>Tutorial notebooks</strong><span>Hands-on notebooks for local practice</span></a>
      <a href="https://oh-scipe.github.io/llm-workshop26/recordings.html"><strong>Recordings</strong><span>Session-by-session video links</span></a>
      <a href="https://github.com/oh-scipe/llm-workshop26"><strong>GitHub repo</strong><span>Source materials and updates</span></a>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="env-ref-panel">
    <h3>Environment references</h3>
    <div class="env-ref-grid">
      <div class="env-ref-card">
        <div class="env-ref-logo"><img src="/assets/slides/2026-05-21-python-env/pip-icon.svg" alt="" aria-hidden="true" /></div>
        <div><a href="https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/guides/installing-using-pip-and-virtual-environments/">pip + venv guide</a><span>packaging.python.org</span></div>
      </div>
      <div class="env-ref-card">
        <div class="env-ref-logo"><img src="/assets/slides/2026-05-21-python-env/conda-icon.svg" alt="" aria-hidden="true" /></div>
        <div><a href="https://docs.conda.io/projects/conda/en/latest/user-guide/tasks/manage-environments.html">Conda environments</a><span>docs.conda.io</span></div>
      </div>
      <div class="env-ref-card">
        <div class="env-ref-logo">M</div>
        <div><a href="https://mamba.readthedocs.io/en/stable/user_guide/micromamba.html">Micromamba guide</a><span>mamba.readthedocs.io</span></div>
      </div>
      <div class="env-ref-card">
        <div class="env-ref-logo"><img src="/assets/slides/2026-05-21-python-env/uv-icon.svg" alt="" aria-hidden="true" /></div>
        <div><a href="https://docs.astral.sh/uv/">uv docs</a><span>docs.astral.sh/uv</span></div>
      </div>
      <div class="env-ref-card">
        <div class="env-ref-logo">pipx</div>
        <div><a href="https://pipx.pypa.io/">pipx docs</a><span>pipx.pypa.io</span></div>
      </div>
      <div class="env-ref-card">
        <div class="env-ref-logo">PyPA</div>
        <div><a href="https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/guides/tool-recommendations/">Tool recommendations</a><span>packaging.python.org</span></div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

---

## Further study

<div class="env-atlas">
  <div class="env-atlas-board">
    <div class="env-atlas-top">
      <div>
        <strong>Choose the path that matches the problem in front of you.</strong>
        <span>Install failures, project config, notebook kernels, and portable research runs each need a different next step.</span>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div class="env-pathway">
      <div class="env-path-label"><span>01</span><strong>Install basics</strong><em>terminology and first principles</em></div>
      <a class="env-atlas-link" href="https://docs.python.org/3/installing/index.html"><strong>Python: Installing modules</strong><span>Official terms for pip, PyPI, venv, and install issues.</span></a>
      <a class="env-atlas-link" href="https://packaging.python.org/en/latest/guides/writing-pyproject-toml/"><strong>Writing pyproject.toml</strong><span>How projects declare metadata and dependencies.</span></a>
      <a class="env-atlas-link" href="https://realpython.com/python-virtual-environments-a-primer/"><strong>Real Python primer</strong><span>A popular explanation of virtual environments.</span></a>
    </div>
    <div class="env-pathway green">
      <div class="env-path-label"><span>02</span><strong>Project managers</strong><em>when projects need structure</em></div>
      <a class="env-atlas-link" href="https://docs.astral.sh/uv/concepts/projects/layout/"><strong>uv project layout</strong><span>What uv writes, syncs, and locks.</span></a>
      <a class="env-atlas-link" href="https://python-poetry.org/docs/managing-environments/"><strong>Poetry environments</strong><span>Select, activate, inspect, and remove envs.</span></a>
      <a class="env-atlas-link" href="https://hatch.pypa.io/1.16/environment/"><strong>Hatch environments</strong><span>Isolated workspaces for tests and scripts.</span></a>
    </div>
    <div class="env-pathway orange">
      <div class="env-path-label"><span>03</span><strong>Notebook reality</strong><em>where many ML bugs hide</em></div>
      <a class="env-atlas-link" href="https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/python/environments"><strong>VS Code environments</strong><span>Interpreter selection inside the editor.</span></a>
      <a class="env-atlas-link" href="https://ipython.readthedocs.io/en/stable/install/kernel_install.html"><strong>IPython kernels</strong><span>Expose a project env as a Jupyter kernel.</span></a>
      <a class="env-atlas-link" href="https://cookiecutter-data-science.drivendata.org/"><strong>Cookiecutter Data Science</strong><span>A common layout for analysis projects.</span></a>
    </div>
    <div class="env-pathway slate">
      <div class="env-path-label"><span>04</span><strong>Portability</strong><em>when another machine matters</em></div>
      <a class="env-atlas-link" href="https://conda-forge.org/docs/user/introduction/"><strong>conda-forge intro</strong><span>Community packages and channel priority.</span></a>
      <a class="env-atlas-link" href="https://book.the-turing-way.org/reproducible-research/renv/"><strong>The Turing Way</strong><span>Environment capture for reproducible research.</span></a>
      <a class="env-atlas-link" href="https://docs.docker.com/guides/python/containerize/"><strong>Docker: Python app</strong><span>Use a whole-runtime boundary.</span></a>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

---

# Thank You!

<h3 style="margin-bottom: 2rem; font-size: 2em;">Questions?</h3>

<div style="font-size: 1.5em; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; margin-top: 2rem; opacity: 0.95;">
Now let's start coding!
</div>

</div>

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